
Version 1.0 (October 2026)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
How to cite this report: Circle Economy. (2026). The circularity gap report: Critical raw materials. Amsterdam: Circle Economy.
Circle Economy would like to thank the funders, authors, and contributors for their contribution to this edition of the Circularity Gap Report. Special thanks to Deloitte Netherlands for its contributions to this report. All contributors have contributed to the report in their individual capacities. Their affiliations are only mentioned for identification purposes.
Contributions to research and report development:
Lead authors (Circle Economy): Alvaro Conde, Hannah Beisel
Contributing authors (Circle Economy): Pau Ruiz, Megan Murdie
Other contributors (Circle Economy): Mathijs Nelemans, Alexandru Grigoras, Marijana Novak, Luke Bailey, Luibov Glazunova, Andrew Keys
Other contributors (Deloitte Netherlands): Dieuwertje Ewalts
Contributions to model creation and methodology development:
Lead analyst (Circle Economy): Alex Colloricchio
Contributing analysts (Circle Economy): Irlanda Mora, Sofia Ferrando, Wen-Yu Chen
Other contributors (Circle Economy): Mathijs Nelemans
This document includes content generated with the assistance of a general-purpose GenAI tool (Claude Opus 5, September 2026). The tool supported the development of the model used for the analysis, and other activities such as the interpretation of results, enhanced clarity, and structure. All content was written, reviewed, and approved by the authors, who retain full editorial responsibility for its accuracy and quality.
The Circularity Gap Report is an initiative of Circle Economy, an impact organisation dedicated to accelerating the transition to the circular economy.
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